Yurt is a traditional home of nomadic peoples.
The yurt was orientated by the western Tuvinians in ancient Turkic manner - the entrance to the east.Western Tuvans, in addition to yurts, lived in a plague that was covered with felt. Chumov was much smaller than the yurt, they were characteristic only of the poor.
The figure of the artist Sh. Kuular shows the wooden part of the frame, which consists of the following four parts:
1. Ögnüŋ hanazı - the collapsible base of the yurt, which consists of separate sections of lattices connected to each other, forming a circular wall of the yurt. The sections of the grids are the bars fixed on the diagonal axes, which allows them to stretch or pull them together. The size of the yurt is determined by the number of sections of the lattices connected in the "Ögnüŋ hanazı".
2. Ynaalar - long wooden poles, in their many form the roof of a yurt. The size and quantity depends on the size of the yurt, the more sections of the lattices, the longer and more massive the canal.
3. Haraacha - the uppermost part of the yurt, which serves to pass the smoke from the hearth, to fix the upper ends of the yanaalar in it. The size of the haraach depends on the size of the yurta, if there are many sections in the "khanaz", then its diameter is larger and more massive. The symbol of haraach is a cross in a circle, a sign of eternal movement in the nature of the sun, a symbol of evolution, the development of life.
4. Hedgehog - the door. Consists of a doorframe and a wooden leaf.
The felt part of the yurt consists of the following parts:
Devevir - the main felt cover of the yurt (the rear part is bigger than the front one);
Adakki - felt covering around the yurt;
Hayaachcha - felt covering around the lower part of the yurt;
Ɵrege is a felt by which the upper part (haraacha) of a yurt is covered in winter or on cold nights;
Kur - felted belts made of yak wool or horse 's manes to strengthen the yurt inside and out;
Bazyryk - a hair cord for fastening the upper and lower parts of the yurt;
Shirtek-shirtek, woven from white wool of sheep, felt for flooring in a yurt.
On average, there are three shirtek in the yurt - for the owner of the yurt (dir shirtae), for the mistress of the yurt (dyazh baryny shirte), for the guests (ch'ak baryny shirtae). The skin of a cow was usually stitched at the door.
The Tuva yurt is divided into certain parts. The right side (to the right of the entrance) is considered female, on it there is an economic utensil. The left side is male. On this side, felt rolls, packs of bags, clothes, horse harnesses, riding and pack saddles and hunting implements were built. The wall opposite the entrance and the adjoining part are called dѳr, here they receive guests of honor. There are wooden cupboards of aptar with colorful ornament. Along the right partition there is a wooden bed. In the center of the yurt there is a hearth - a symbol of the habitable house, the habitat of the owner of the fire.
The walls of the yurt are used for hanging things, mainly felt and cloth bags with salt, tea and dishes, dried stomachs and bowels filled with oil.
The yurt was orientated by the western Tuvinians in ancient Turkic manner - the entrance to the east.Western Tuvans, in addition to yurts, lived in a plague that was covered with felt. Chumov was much smaller than the yurt, they were characteristic only of the poor.
The figure of the artist Sh. Kuular shows the wooden part of the frame, which consists of the following four parts:
1. Ögnüŋ hanazı - the collapsible base of the yurt, which consists of separate sections of lattices connected to each other, forming a circular wall of the yurt. The sections of the grids are the bars fixed on the diagonal axes, which allows them to stretch or pull them together. The size of the yurt is determined by the number of sections of the lattices connected in the "Ögnüŋ hanazı".
2. Ynaalar - long wooden poles, in their many form the roof of a yurt. The size and quantity depends on the size of the yurt, the more sections of the lattices, the longer and more massive the canal.
3. Haraacha - the uppermost part of the yurt, which serves to pass the smoke from the hearth, to fix the upper ends of the yanaalar in it. The size of the haraach depends on the size of the yurta, if there are many sections in the "khanaz", then its diameter is larger and more massive. The symbol of haraach is a cross in a circle, a sign of eternal movement in the nature of the sun, a symbol of evolution, the development of life.
4. Hedgehog - the door. Consists of a doorframe and a wooden leaf.
The felt part of the yurt consists of the following parts:
Devevir - the main felt cover of the yurt (the rear part is bigger than the front one);
Adakki - felt covering around the yurt;
Hayaachcha - felt covering around the lower part of the yurt;
Ɵrege is a felt by which the upper part (haraacha) of a yurt is covered in winter or on cold nights;
Kur - felted belts made of yak wool or horse 's manes to strengthen the yurt inside and out;
Bazyryk - a hair cord for fastening the upper and lower parts of the yurt;
Shirtek-shirtek, woven from white wool of sheep, felt for flooring in a yurt.
On average, there are three shirtek in the yurt - for the owner of the yurt (dir shirtae), for the mistress of the yurt (dyazh baryny shirte), for the guests (ch'ak baryny shirtae). The skin of a cow was usually stitched at the door.
The Tuva yurt is divided into certain parts. The right side (to the right of the entrance) is considered female, on it there is an economic utensil. The left side is male. On this side, felt rolls, packs of bags, clothes, horse harnesses, riding and pack saddles and hunting implements were built. The wall opposite the entrance and the adjoining part are called dѳr, here they receive guests of honor. There are wooden cupboards of aptar with colorful ornament. Along the right partition there is a wooden bed. In the center of the yurt there is a hearth - a symbol of the habitable house, the habitat of the owner of the fire.
The walls of the yurt are used for hanging things, mainly felt and cloth bags with salt, tea and dishes, dried stomachs and bowels filled with oil.
