Interrogation

I decided to conduct a survey to understand how close the ties between relatives of people of different nationalities.

According to the survey, 50% of Tuvans know the names of only a few grandparents.There is a connection with the ancient traditions, when it was impossible to address the elder by name.

Tuvinians

Tuvinians are the indigenous population of the Republic of Tuva.Self-name Tyvalar
It was first mentioned in Chinese chronicles in the 6th century.
Todzhyntsi (eastern Tuvans) is a sub-ethnic group of Tuvinians inhabiting Toju - mountain-taiga regions of the Eastern Sayan and its foothills, the upper reaches of the river. Biy-Khem (Big Yenisei) and Kaa-Khem (Small Yenisei). Tozhtsy consist of two economic and cultural groups. One of them - hunters for cattle, living in the valley of the river. Biy-Khem in Todzha, others - hunters-reindeer breeders, inhabitants of mountain taiga. Hunters reindeer breeders are close in origin and culture to the Tofalars. Toji's dialogue is divided into dialects of hunting reindeer herders and hunter-cattle-breeders. Like all Tuvans, they call themselves Tuva, in some dialects - Tuva, Tuha. Tuvanians living in the steppes of Western and Central Tuva (western Tuvinians), called tozhantsy tozhu kizhilerom, tozhular - "Todzhintsy."

photo:https://www.tuva.asia

photo:http://arctika.info

Tsaatans (Self-Name - Duhalar) - ethnic Tuvans separated from the main Tuvinians, when Tuva became part of the Soviet Union.Tsaatans live in the north of Mongolia.They are reindeer herders, like the Todzhin Tuvans.Now, due to assimilation with the Mongols, their native language is gradually forgotten.

photo:Хамида Сардара-Афхами.

photo:Цаатаны: исчезающее племя Монголии / Моя Планета

Цаатан (Духалар - Dukhalar - Tuʰha Ulǝs)

The related people of Todzhans and Tsaatans - Tofalar (self-name - tofa, topa, toha).

In the 17th century, Tofalaria entered the Moscow state, becoming a border region with China. After 1757, when Tuva became part of the Manchu empire of Qing, Tofalaria remained part of the Russian Empire, experiencing significant administrative and cultural (speech and everyday life) influence of Russians. Administratively, the Udin land was created with five uluses in its composition.
Their language is similar to the dialect of Tuvan language.

 photo:http://russia.rin.ru

photo:

https://ru.wikipedia.org

All the Tuvan population of China is concentrated in the territory of the Altai aimak. Its main part lives in the extreme north-east of the Ili-Kazakh autonomous region, mainly in the districts of Kaba and Burchin, as well as in the Altai, Chingil, Kok-Dugai and Burul-Dugai districts. Tuvans live here from time immemorial, as in the earlier period of history these lands were part of the ethnic territory of the Tuvinians. The establishment of state borders between Russia, Mongolia and China in the first half of the 20th century. Led to the fact that part of the Tuvinians was isolated from their main Tuvinians, which actually led to the appearance of the ethnolocal groups of the Tuvinians in Mongolia and China.

photo:http://www.tuvaonline.ru

Кыдат чуртунда торелдеривис

Тывамны сактыдым - YouTube

Tsengel's Tuvans were cut off from their historical homeland in the XVIII century, during the forced resettlement of the Manchurian Empire. As a result, when Mongolia regained its sovereignty in two centuries, part of the southern Tuvinians found itself on its territory. They formed a compact community and founded their settlement - Sumon Tsengel.Tsengel Tuvanians are engaged in cattle breeding.

photo:Ценгельские тувинцы Монголии 

Ценгельские тувинцы Монголии

Picture story "From the life of a pastoralist"

Cattlemen do not have holidays and sick leave. In winter, the air temperature drops below -45, and in summer it is above +30. In summer cattle graze 12-13 hours, and in winter 6-8 hours. At this time, the shepherd is very bored and must do something.

The beginning of May - the flowers blossom

The dog is trying to scare the shadoofs

Double-headed ant-mutant

The ant has both heads functioning.

Male shadoof

Goats and sheep graze in a meadow. 

Cows graze in a meadow

Lambs wait in line for vaccination

Shivelig - mountain-fortress

Mount Shivelig is located on the left bank of the river Khemchik in the village of Aksy-Barlyk of the Barun-Khemchik district of the Republic of Tyva.

At the foot of the mountain there are mounds of the Turkic time (VI-VIII century).

On the territory of the mountain wars have been waged for centuries.

View of the mountain from the village of Aksy-Barlyk

View from the mountain

photo:www.enisey.tv

According to legend, a beautiful girl grew up in a poor family. Somehow the evil noyon saw this girl and fell in love with her. The girl was in love with the Khan's son. Evil Noyon ordered his soldiers to kidnap the girl. The son of the khan, brave Tazhy, after learning about this, gathered his army and went to war with Noyon. In an unequal battle, a small army of brave Tazhy was defeated, and the son of Khan was killed. And the girl, learning about the death of her beloved, fled from captivity, but was surrounded by the pursuers of the noyon on Mount Shiveelig-Dag. From desperation, the girl rushed from the mountain. At the site of its fall, a stone appeared like a split heart.

Churek-Kui (Rock-Heart)

photo:http://sib-guide.ru

Inside the stone there is a cave, which can accommodate 3-4 people.You can only enter it by crawling.

Petroglyphs of the Bronze Age

photo:http://dostoyanieplaneti.ru

photo:Михаил Исаев

The ruins of an ancient fortress

photo:http://www.xn--80abubbalb5cgec5b4kf.xn--p1ai/

Kozhamyktar - sung couplets

Kozhamuktar is a Tuva sung couplets. This is one of the main types of oral folk art. Kozhamuktar sing everything:People of any age and sex. Kozhamuktar are about everything in life. Kozhamuktar singing jokingly, mockingly, sadly, cheerfully, boastfully. The style of singing differs in different regions.
Most singers improvise and come up with words when they sing.
During the holidays in Tuva competitions are held on singing kozhamyk.
Херел Мекпер-оол и Дангыт-оол–Кожан
Кайгал,Опуйлаа,Алдынбек–Кожамык 
Хоректээр - Виртуозы тувинского горлового
Белек Делег–Кожамык 
Неизвестен–Кожамык 

Ансамбль «Тыва» песня «Кожамыктар»

Группа Хуун-хуур-ту — «Kozhamyk (Кожамык)»

Yat-Kha - Kozhamyk

Yat-Kha - Kozhamyk

Айбек - Кожамыктар